现如今市场经济在世界各国经济活动以及全球经济贸易活动中扮演着重要的角色,但是市场经济本身却具有不可避免的缺陷,这时候就需要国家强大的经济职能。而本文的主题“国家援助”就是国家经济职能的一种,这也成为国家推动市场优势地位的主要力量。由一国政府以产业政策为名义所推行的包括补贴在内的各项援助措施即为国家援助,这种方式对市场地位的稳定与维持有着比企业合并与卡特尔等因素更快、更直接的左右。但是,这种方式同时也带来了一系列问题,正如达摩克里斯之剑,如果不加规范而被滥用,很可能成为国家保护本国产品,破坏自由市场竞争的工具,所以制定相关的国家援助法律制度至关重要。欧盟作为全球最大的区域性政治经济组织为此作出了积极而富有成效的努力。 Now that the market economy plays an important role in the economic activities of all countries in the world and in global economic and trade activities, the market economy itself has its own flaws. At this time, it requires the powerful economic functions of the country. However, the theme of this article, “state aid”, is one of the national economic functions, which has also become the major force in promoting the dominant position of the market in the country. Aid measures, including subsidies, implemented by a government under the name of industrial policy are state aid, which has a faster and more direct effect on the stability and maintenance of market position than on business mergers and cartels About However, this approach also poses a series of problems. Just as the sword of Damocles, if not standardized, is abused, it is likely to become a tool for the state to protect its own products and undermine competition in the free market. Therefore, the formulation of relevant countries Aid legal systems are crucial. The EU, as the largest regional political and economic organization in the world, has made positive and productive efforts to this end.