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理性是近代政治学研究的一个最根本的出发点,也是我们研究马克斯.韦伯的政治社会学思想的逻辑起点。从宗教对政治影响的意义上来看,具有理性品质的新教伦理就不仅仅是一种宗教学说,而且还是一种政治学理论,它孕育了自由民主思想,催生了科层制。理性、新教伦理、科层制和自由民主政治四者相互包含、相互支撑,其合力催生了一个自由、民主、文明的现代社会。
Rationality is one of the most fundamental starting points in the study of modern political science. It is also the logical starting point for us to study Max Weber’s political sociology. From the perspective of religious influence on politics, Protestant ethics with rational qualities is not only a religious theory, but also a theory of political science. It gave birth to liberal democracy and gave birth to bureaucracy. Rationality, Protestant ethics, bureaucracy and liberal democracy all contain and support each other, and their synergies have given birth to a free, democratic and civilized modern society.