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为探讨产时保健质量与儿童智能发育的相关因素，采用病例一对照研究，对秦巴山区弱智儿童（ＭＲ组）１１０名和智力正常儿童（对照组）１２６名的母亲产时情况进行了单因素分析。结果发现：ＭＲ组的胎儿宫内窘迫、新生儿重度窒息、早产、低体重儿、无产前检查、旧法接生率（分别为１４．５５％、８．１８％、１０．００％、３０．００％、５３．６４％、５４．５５％）均高于对照组（分别为３．９７％、２．３０％、２．３０％、１３．４９％、３７，３０％、３２．５４％），差异有显著性（Ｐ＜０．０５）；而ＭＲ组新生儿轻、中度室息、滞产的发生率（分别为２１，８２％、１２．７３％）与对照组（分别为１３．９４％、９．５２％）无显著性差异（Ｐ＞０．０５）。提示胎儿宫内窘迫、新生儿重度窒息、早产、低体重儿、无产前检查、旧法接生均与儿童智能发育有显著相关性，新生儿轻、中度窒息、滞产与儿童智能发育无显著相关性。
To investigate the factors related to the quality of childbirth and the quality of childbirth during childbirth, a case-control study was conducted on the mothers ’mothers’ time of delivery in 110 infants with mental retardation (MR group) and 126 normal children (control group) analysis. The results showed that: MR group of fetal distress, severe neonatal asphyxia, preterm birth, low birth weight children, no prenatal examination, the old law delivery rate (14.55%, 8.18%, 10.00%, 30.00 %, 53.64% and 54.55%, respectively) were higher than that of the control group (3.97%, 2.30%, 2.30%, 13.49%, 37,30%, 32.54% (P <0.05). However, the incidence of neonatal mild to moderate ventricular dysthymia and delayed labor in MR group was 21, 82%, 12.73% respectively, which was significantly higher than that in control group .94%, 9.52%) had no significant difference (P> 0.05). The results showed that fetal distress, neonatal severe asphyxia, premature birth, low birth weight, prenatal examination, and old birth attendance were all significantly correlated with children’s mental development. There was no significant correlation between neonatal mild to moderate asphyxia and delayed birth and childhood mental development Sex.