目的　研究绝经后妇女ER基因XbaⅠ限制性片断长度多态性 (RFLP)与骨密度、骨生化指标和停经年限的关系。方法　用PCR RFLP方法检测绝经后妇女的ER基因型 ;DEXA检测腰椎和股骨各处骨密度 ,同时测定血骨钙素、尿吡啶并酚等骨转换指标。结果　在 2 0 5例绝经后妇女中发现XX、Xx和xx基因型频率分别为 6 8%、2 5 9%和 6 7 3% ,XX基因型的妇女虽然停经时间更长 ,但腰椎骨密度仍高于Xx和xx型。结论　ER基因XX型可能对腰椎骨量的维持有一定作用。 Objective To investigate the association between RFLP and bone mineral density (BMD), bone biochemical markers and menopause in postmenopausal women. Methods The genotypes of ER in postmenopausal women were detected by PCR-RFLP. DEXA was used to detect the bone mineral density of lumbar and femur, and to determine the indexes of bone turnover such as serum osteocalcin, urinary pyridone and phenol. Results The frequency of XX, Xx and xx genotypes was found to be 68%, 259% and 67% in 205 postmenopausal women, respectively. Although women with XX genotype had longer menopause, BMD Still higher than the Xx and xx types. Conclusion ER gene type XX may play a role in the maintenance of lumbar bone mass.