今天的研究已经表明,建设在比较优势基础上的国际贸易,必须同时满足16个前提条件, 其中核心条件是完全竞争的市场,而且价格是唯一的竞争形式。大家可以想想,我们这个世界什么时候出现过完全竞争的市场?什么时候又是以价格作为唯一的竞争形式?在国际贸易中,我们所看的实际情况是,过去有关税壁垒,有贸易配额,今天又变成了非关税壁垒,其隐蔽性和有效性比关税壁垒有过之而无不及。 Today’s research has shown that the construction of international trade based on comparative advantages must simultaneously satisfy 16 preconditions, of which the core is a perfectly competitive market, and the price is the only form of competition. We can think about when the perfectly competitive market appeared in this world and when price was the only form of competition. In international trade, what we are actually looking at is that in the past there were tariff barriers and trade quotas Today, it has become a non-tariff barrier, its concealment and effectiveness than the tariff barriers have gone beyond.