《念奴娇·赤壁怀古》和《永遇乐·京口北固亭怀古》分别是宋代豪放派词的两位巨擘苏轼和辛弃疾的精品,也是词苑中立意不同凡响,写法别具一格的两支奇葩。合而言之,二词的主旨均不在通过凭吊古迹发思古人之情,而是“借他人之酒杯,浇自己之块垒”,抒写壮志难酬的情怀;意境开阔深远,感情炽烈奔放,用典贴切自然;析而言之,它们又毕竟出自不同作者之手,立意谋篇运笔成词都不能不打上各自的印记,呈现出不同的风貌特征。对这两首词作一些辨析比较,无疑有助于我们更准确地把握各自的独到之处,并由此及彼,拓宽艺术视野,获得更多的规律性启迪。 让我们先考察二词的立意。 立意为诗文的主脑。庄子说:“语之所贵者,意也。意之所随。”刘熙载认为,“为文者苟不知贵意,何论意之所随者乎?”(均出自《艺概》)这些论述启示我们,阅读和分析作品不仅要弄清意之所在,还要考察 “Niannu Jiao Chibi nostalgic ancient” and “Yong Yule Jingkou Beigu Pavilion nostalgia” are the two great giants of the Song Dynasty bold sentiments, Su Shi and Xin Qiji’s exquisite articles. They are also two extraordinary works of extraordinary meaning and unique writing style. In other words, the main purpose of the two words is not to think of the ancients through the ancient monuments, but to “borrow others’ cups and pour their own barriers” to express the feelings of ambition and unrequited emotions; the artistic conception is broad and far-reaching, and the emotions are blazing. The code is appropriate for nature; in terms of analysis, after all, they come from the hands of different authors, and it is imperative for them to write their own words in order to present their different features. The analysis and comparison of these two words undoubtedly help us to more accurately grasp the uniqueness of each of them, and from there to the other, broaden the horizon of art and gain more regular enlightenment. Let us first examine the meaning of the two words. It is intended to be the mastermind of poetry. Zhuangzi said: “The people who speak the language are the ones who are the most valuable, the Italian, and the Italian.” Liu Xizai thinks, “Do you not know what you want for the literary person? What are you talking about?” (all from “Art”) The discussion reveals us that reading and analyzing works must not only clarify the meaning of the place but also examine