国家指导价格是我国价格改革实践中出现的新事物。我国在1956年社会主义改造基本完成以后,形成了高度集中的计划管理体制。中央政府、县以上地方各级政府和业务主管部门制定的计划价格,几乎覆盖了国营、集体商店销售的所有商品,企业基本上无定价权,在价格管理上统得过多、管得过死。中共十一届三中全会以后,国家开始对价格管理办法进行改革。价格管理办法的一个新的突破,就是对一些产品实行浮动价格。从1979年8月1日起,国家首先对电子产品逐步实行了在最高限价和最低限价内浮动作价的办法。之后,引入了中准价的概念,实行浮动价格的商品范围进一步扩大。1985年国家开始下放和放开一部分价格管理权限。在放开农副产品价格的过程中,国家对一部分农副产品实行了指导性价格管理。为了防止某些农产品市场价格过低而打击农业 The national guidance price is a new thing that emerged in China’s price reform practice. After China’s socialist transformation was basically completed in 1956, a highly centralized plan management system was formed. The planned prices set by the central government, local governments at the county level and above, and business executives almost cover all the goods sold by the state-owned and collective-owned stores. The enterprises basically have no pricing power, and they have excessively over-examined and managed excessively in price management. . After the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh CPC National Committee, the state began to reform the price management measures. A new breakthrough in the price management approach is to apply floating prices to some products. Starting from August 1, 1979, the state first gradually implemented a method of moving prices within the ceiling price and the minimum price for electronic products. Later, the concept of medium price was introduced, and the scope of the product with floating prices was further expanded. In 1985, the state began to decentralize and release some of its price management authority. In the course of liberalizing the prices of agricultural and sideline products, the state has implemented guided price management on a part of agricultural and sideline products. In order to prevent the market price of some agricultural products from falling too low