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目的总结经验教训,预防学校中流感样病例暴发疫情的发生。方法对2011年2月滕州市某中学发生的1起流感样病例暴发疫情资料进行描述流行病学分析。结果调查2 341人,有359人符合流感样病例诊断标准,平均罹患率为15.34%。其中,教职工罹患率为11.72%,学生罹患率为15.93%(P>0.05);走读生罹患率为14.39%,住校生罹患率为20.48%(P<0.01);男生罹患率为12.97%,女生罹患率为19.02%(P<0.01);初一学生罹患率为28.90%,初二学生罹患率为15.53%,初三学生罹患率为3.45%(P<0.01)。结论疫情主要是农村学校基础卫生设施较差,传染病监测体系不完善,对学校发生传染病的危害性认识不足,报告不及时,未能及时采取有效的控制措施等是造成该起流感样病例暴发的主要原因。
Objectives To summarize lessons learned and prevent outbreaks of influenza-like illness in schools. Methods Epidemiological analysis of one flu-like outbreak in a high school in Tengzhou in February 2011 was conducted. Results A total of 2 341 patients were surveyed, 359 of them were in accordance with the diagnostic criteria of influenza-like illness, with an average attack rate of 15.34%. Among them, the staff attack rate was 11.72%, the student attack rate was 15.93% (P> 0.05); the attack rate of students was 14.39%, the attack rate of live-school students was 20.48% (P <0.01); the attack rate of boys was 12.97% The prevalence rate of female students was 19.02% (P <0.01). The first attack rate was 28.90%, the second attack rate was 15.53%, and the third attack rate was 3.45% (P <0.01). Conclusions The epidemic is mainly caused by the poor basic health facilities in rural schools, the imperfect infectious disease surveillance system, the lack of understanding of the dangers of communicable diseases in schools, the lack of timely reports and effective control measures, The main reason for the outbreak.