一、序言日本从1973年石油危机开始,耗能较大的企业,积极地开展了节能活动,能耗指标达到了世界先进水平。在这些企业中,先后成立了能源管理机构,在全体职工中开展了节能意义和节能技术方面的教育,并在节能技术的研究方面投入了较大资金,从而取得了显著的效果。对大多数中小企业来说,节能的状况还是落后的。影响中小企业节能工作的主要原因有如下几点: I. INTRODUCTION Japan began its oil crisis in 1973. Companies that consume more energy have actively carried out energy conservation activities. Energy consumption indicators have reached world advanced levels. Among these companies, energy management agencies have been established successively, and energy-saving education and energy-saving technologies have been educated among all employees, and significant funds have been invested in the research of energy-saving technologies, which has yielded remarkable results. For most SMEs, the situation of energy saving is still lagging behind. The main reasons affecting the energy conservation work of SMEs are as follows: