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为明确辽宁省疽病的致病菌及其生物学特性,通过形态学和分子生物学方法鉴定了致病菌,并利用十字交叉法和血球计数板计数法研究了致病菌的生物学特性。系统发育树显示,分离菌株SYND-12与出芽短梗霉Aureobasidium pullulans亲缘关系最近,位于同一分支,并与玉蜀黍出芽短梗霉Aureobasidium zeae聚为一类,分子鉴定结果与形态学鉴定结果一致,表明引起辽宁省玉米北方炭疽病的致病菌为玉蜀黍出芽短梗霉A.zeae(Narita et Hiratsuka)Dingley。该病菌菌丝生长温度范围为10~30℃,最适温度为25℃,最适p H为7,光照条件为全黑暗,适宜的碳、氮源和培养基分别为蔗糖、硝酸钾和马铃薯葡萄糖琼脂培养基;其分生孢子产生的最适碳源为葡萄糖,其它最适宜生长条件与菌丝相同,该病菌在添加不同氮源的水琼脂培养基中均不产生分生孢子;其分生孢子萌发的最适条件为28℃、p H 8、光暗交替,最适碳、氮源分别为麦芽糖和牛肉膏,单一氮源条件对分生孢子的萌发有抑制作用。
In order to clarify pathogenic bacteria and their biological characteristics of anthracnose in Liaoning Province, pathogenic bacteria were identified by morphological and molecular biological methods, and the biological characteristics of pathogenic bacteria were studied by cross method and hemacytometer . Phylogenetic tree showed that the isolated strain SYND-12 was closest to Aureobasidium pullulans, located on the same branch, and clustered with Aureobasidium zeae, the result of molecular identification was consistent with that of morphological identification The pathogen causing anthracnose in northern corn of Liaoning Province is A. zeae (Narita et Hiratsuka) Dingley. The mycelial growth temperature ranged from 10 ℃ to 30 ℃, the optimum temperature was 25 ℃, the optimum pH was 7 and the light conditions were dark. The suitable carbon, nitrogen source and medium were sucrose, potassium nitrate and potato Glucose agar medium. The most suitable carbon source for conidia production was glucose. Other optimum growth conditions were the same as those of mycelium. The bacteria did not produce conidia in water agar medium supplemented with different nitrogen sources. The optimum conditions for spore germination were 28 ℃, p H 8, light and dark alternation, the optimum carbon and nitrogen sources were maltose and beef extract, respectively. The single nitrogen source could inhibit the germination of conidia.