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目的:研究以沸水冲泡法提取黄芪,解决传统水煎煮提取工艺存在的周期长、能耗高与提取物溶于水后澄明度差的问题,从而为产业化应用奠定基础。方法:以黄芪多糖提取率为评价指标,以苯酚-硫酸法测定黄芪多糖含量;采用沸水冲泡法提取黄芪,通过单因素实验考察冲泡时间、加水倍数、冲泡次数对黄芪多糖提取率的影响规律,采用正交设计法筛选最佳提取方案,并以传统水煎煮提取工艺为对照。结果:沸水冲泡法提取黄芪的最佳工艺为:加9倍量水、冲泡60 min、提取3次,黄芪多糖提取率(4.81%)高于传统水煎煮提取法(4.06%)。结论:沸水冲泡法提取黄芪具有多糖提取率高、操作简单、周期短、能耗低、多糖色泽浅与溶于水后澄明度良好的特点而优于传统水煎煮提取法,因此,沸水冲泡提取法可为黄芪相关制剂的开发提供一种新的提取方法而具有广阔的应用前景。
OBJECTIVE: To study the extraction of Astragalus with boiling water and boiling method to solve the problem of long cycle length, high energy consumption and poor clarity after the extract dissolved in water, so as to lay the foundation for industrial application. Methods: The extraction rate of Astragalus polysaccharide was used as the evaluation index, and the content of astragalus polysaccharide was determined by phenol-sulfuric acid method. Astragalus membranaceus was extracted by boiling water method. The single factor experiment was used to investigate the effects of brewing time, Influence law, using orthogonal design method screening the best extraction program, and traditional water boiling extraction process as a control. Results: The optimal extraction process of astragalus was: adding 9 times the amount of water, brewing 60 min, extracting 3 times, the extraction rate of Astragalus polysaccharide (4.81%) was higher than that of traditional decoction (4.06%). Conclusion: The extraction of Astragalus with boiling water by boiling method has the advantages of high extraction rate of polysaccharide, simple operation, short cycle, low energy consumption, bright color of polysaccharide and good clarity after dissolving in water, which is superior to traditional decoction of boiling water Brewing extraction method for the development of Astragalus-related preparations to provide a new extraction method and has broad application prospects.