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平和仄是指中古语音的两大类声调。要明白它,还得先明白四声。 根据传统说法,是南北朝梁代的沈约最先发现平上去人四声,著有《四声谱》。唐人曾对四声作过描写:“平声哀而安,上声厉而举,去声清而远,入声直而促。”明代真空和尚曾作《玉钥匙歌诀》云:“平声平道莫低昂,上声高呼猛烈强,去声分明哀远道,入声短促急收藏。”这种描述虽不甚科学,但可以使我们初步懂得:平声是平调,上声是升调,去声是降调,入声是短调。王力先生在《诗词格律》中阐释说:“平声这个声调到后代分化为阴平和阳平;上声这个声调到后代有一部分变为去声;去声这个声调到后代仍是去声;入声这个声调是一个短促的调子。”王力先生的论断,理清了中古
Peacefulness is the two major tones of medieval voice. To understand it, you must first understand four. According to the traditional view, Shen Yue of the Southern and Northern Dynasties was the first to find four people on the plane, and wrote “Four Sounds.” The Tang people once described four sounds: “Sound and mourn, and the sound is loud and strong, and the sound is clear and distant, and the sound is straight and promoted.” The vacuum monk in the Ming Dynasty once wrote “Jade Key Songs”: “The level is flat The loud voice is loud and strong, and the sound is divided into the short distance and the short distance. The description is not very scientific, but it can make us understand initially: the flat sound is flat, the sound is rising, and the sound is falling. The tone is a short tone. Mr. Wang Li explained in ”The Book of Poetry and Poetry“: ”The tone of the flat voice is divided into the Yin Ping and Yang Ping from the offspring; the sound of the voice on the tone of the offspring becomes part of the off tone; the tone of the off tone is still deafening to the offspring; This tune is a short tone." Mr. Wang Li’s argument cleared up the middle ages.