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存在论差异是海德格尔前期建立“普遍的现象学存在论”的核心问题,也是我们理解海德格尔思想的一条重要线索。结合法国哲学家马里翁对此问题的解读,笔者重点考察并疏解了存在论差异在海德格尔著作中的显现和含义,特别是存在论差异与《存在与时间》的内在关联。最后结合海德格尔的后期思想对存在论差异进行一个整体的定位和评论:存在论差异乃是第一开端向另一开端的过渡,它是贯穿两个开端的临时性“通道”。
Ontological differences are the core issues in Heidegger’s establishment of “universal phenomenological existence” and also an important clue to our understanding of Heidegger’s thought. Combined with the interpretation of the French philosopher Malion on this issue, the author focuses on investigating and resolving the appearance and meaning of the differences in ontology in Heidegger’s writings, especially the inherent relationship between ontological differences and “existence and time”. In the end, we combine Heidegger’s late thoughts to make an overall orientation and comment on the differences of ontology. The difference of ontologies is the transition from the first to the beginning, and it is the temporary “passage” that runs through the two beginnings.