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目的探讨高温、噪声环境中飞行对飞行员红细胞膜ＡＴＰ酶活性的影响。方法轰六飞行员２４ 名为实验组，普通地面人员２１ 名为对照组。作多靶场轰炸飞行，舱内温度４５～５３ ℃， 噪声９７ ～１２２ ｄＢ（Ａ）。飞行时间３ ｈ，于飞行前（６：００ ａ．ｍ ．）、飞行后即刻（１２：００ ａ．ｍ ．）、８ ｈ（８：００ ｐ．ｍ ．） 采血。对照组采血日行室内作业（２７℃） 。用比色法测定红细胞膜Ｎａ＋ － Ｋ＋ ＡＴＰ酶、Ｃａ２ ＋ － Ｍｇ２ ＋ＡＴＰ酶活性。结果实验组和对照组的Ｎａ＋ － Ｋ＋ ＡＴＰ酶及Ｃａ２ ＋ － Ｍｇ２ ＋ ＡＴＰ酶日间（６：００ ａ．ｍ ．，１２ ：００ ａ．ｍ ．，８：００ ｐ．ｍ ．） 变化曲线基本一致并均在正常范围内；实验组清晨红细胞膜Ｎａ＋ － Ｋ＋ＡＴＰ酶活性明显高于对照组；实验组飞行后即刻红细胞膜Ｎａ＋ － Ｋ＋ ＡＴＰ酶活性明显高于飞行后８ ｈ，飞行后即刻及８ ｈ Ｃａ２ ＋ － Ｍｇ２ ＋ ＡＴＰ酶活性明显高于同一时间对照组。结论长时间高温、噪声刺激可引起ＡＴＰ的过度消耗，严重时造成红细胞内Ｃａ２ ＋ 超载，红细胞膜僵硬，甚至红细胞凋亡。
Objective To investigate the effect of flight in high temperature and noise environment on the erythrocyte membrane ATPase activity of pilots. Methods H-6 pilots 24 experimental group, 21 ordinary ground staff as the control group. For multiple range bombing flight, cabin temperature 45 ~ 53 ℃, noise 97 ~ 122 dB (A). Flight time 3 h before the flight (6:00 a.m.), immediately after the flight (12:00 a.m.), 8 h (8:00 p.m.) Blood sampling. Control group blood day indoor operation (27 ℃). The activity of Na + - K + ATPase and Ca2 + - Mg2 + ATPase of erythrocyte membrane was determined by colorimetry. Results The changes of Na + - K + ATPase and Ca2 + - Mg2 + ATPase in the experimental group and the control group during the daytime (6:00 a.m., 12: 00 a.m., 8:00 p.m.) The activity of Na + - K + ATPase in the erythrocyte membrane in the experimental group was significantly higher than that in the control group. The Na + - K + ATPase activity of the erythrocyte membrane immediately after the flight in the experimental group was significantly higher than that of the control group after 8 h h Ca2 + - Mg2 + ATPase activity was significantly higher than the same time control group. Conclusion Long time high temperature and noise stimulation can cause excessive consumption of ATP. In severe cases, Ca2 + overload in erythrocytes, stiff red blood cell membrane and even erythrocyte apoptosis are caused.