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以江苏近年育成的10个中熟中粳水稻品种(系)为直播材料,依品种在直播条件下形成的不同穗重进行划分为大中小3种穗型,研究其产量及其群体质量特征。结果表明:3种穗型水稻以中穗型水稻品种在直播栽培条件下产量较高,主要原因是其在较高有效穗的基础上增加了穗粒数,即颖花量显著增加。同时其产量的提高也依赖于关键生育期较高的LAI和高的干物质积累量,高的茎鞘物质输出率和茎鞘物质表观转换率和转化率,同时保持了较高的成穗率等源库协调的群体质量特征。依据不同穗型品种产量及群体质量特征,对直播稻品种的合理选用及高产途径进行讨论。
Ten middle-maturing and medium-sized japonica rice cultivars (lines) bred in Jiangsu province were used as direct seeding materials and divided into three types of panicles, middle, middle and small panicles according to their panicles formed under direct seeding conditions. Their yield and their population quality characteristics were studied. The results showed that the yield of mid-spike rice was higher under direct seeding cultivation for three panicle type rice, which was mainly due to the increase of spikelets per spike based on the higher effective spike, that is, the spikelet yield increased significantly. At the same time, the increase of yield also depends on LAI and high dry matter accumulation, high output of stem and sheath and apparent conversion rate and transformation rate of stem and sheath substances, while maintaining a high ear Rate and other source library coordination of the quality characteristics of groups. Based on the yield and population quality characteristics of different panicle varieties, the rational selection and high yielding ways of direct seeding rice varieties were discussed.