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骨髓基质干细胞(MSC)具有良好的分化潜能,能分化为心肌细胞和血管内皮细胞,从而再生心肌和血管,重塑心肌结构,改善心肌收缩功能和室壁顺应性,促进血管再生,建立有效冠脉侧枝循环,提高心脏整体功能,既改善了血供又解决心肌细胞数量减少这一心力衰竭的根本原因;而自体移植不受来源限制,取材方便、创伤小,更新率低而代谢活力高,由其分化来的心肌细胞能与周围受体肌肉细胞进行有效的电机械偶合,容易通过转基因技术获得目标基因并在体内外长期表达,也不存在免疫排斥和基因突变等安全性问题,因此作为心肌梗死(MI)疾病治疗的新途径有着广阔的前景。现就近年来国内外MSC自体移植在治疗MI方面的研究进展作一综述。
Bone marrow stromal stem cells (MSCs) have good differentiation potential and can differentiate into cardiomyocytes and vascular endothelial cells, thereby regenerating myocardium and blood vessels, remodeling myocardial structure, improving myocardial contractility and wall compliance, and promoting angiogenesis and establishing effective coronary arteries Collateral circulation, improve the overall function of the heart, not only improve the blood supply and solve the root causes of heart failure to reduce the number of myocardial cells; and autologous transplantation without the source constraints, easy access, trauma, low update rate and high metabolic activity, from The differentiated cardiomyocytes can be effectively electromechanically coupled with the muscle cells of the surrounding receptors, and the target genes can be easily obtained by the transgenic technology and expressed in vitro and for a long time. There are no safety problems such as immune rejection and gene mutation. Therefore, New approaches to the treatment of infarction (MI) have broad prospects. In recent years, at home and abroad MSC autologous transplantation in the treatment of MI are reviewed.