为研究单丝复合体系在单向加载过程中的应力传递及损伤演化规律,基于剪滞模型建立了渐进损伤过程的三维数值分析模型。单丝复合体系的渐进损伤过程曲线和临界状态下的纤维段数、应变载荷及纤维轴向应力分布均与文献试验结果非常吻合,表明本文所提出的单丝复合体系渐进损伤模型能够有效模拟单丝断裂过程中的损伤起始、损伤演化和断裂临界状态。研究了模型中组分材料的模量和强度对损伤过程的影响。结果表明:保持组分材料强度不变,增加纤维的模量能够加快损伤过程,基体模量和界面模量的增加对单丝复合体系渐进损伤过程影响不大;在组分材料模量及界面强度不变的情况下,随着纤维强度的增加,单丝复合体系渐进损伤过程的起始应变载荷和临界应变载荷均增加,临界状态下的纤维断点数减少。 In order to study the stress transfer and damage evolution of monofilament composites during uniaxial loading, a three-dimensional numerical analysis model of progressive damage process was established based on shear lag model. The asymptotic damage process curves of monofilament composites and the number of fiber sections, the strain loads and the axial stress distributions in the critical state are in good agreement with the experimental results of the literature. It indicates that the asymptotic damage model proposed in this paper can effectively simulate the monofilament Damage initiation, damage evolution and fracture critical state during fracture. The effect of the modulus and strength of the component materials on the damage process was studied. The results show that maintaining the strength of the material does not change, increasing the modulus of the fiber can accelerate the damage process. The increase of the matrix modulus and interfacial modulus have little effect on the progressive damage process of the monofilament composites. With the increase of fiber strength, the initial and critical strain loads of the monofilament composites gradually increase, while the number of fiber breakpoints decreases under the condition of constant strength.