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土壤微生物是表征土壤质量状况的重要指标,因此研究其群落特征对指导煤矸山植被恢复具有重要意义。以山西霍州曹村矿煤矸山为对象,分析了农田(WL)、果园(PO)和草地(GL)3种土地利用类型0~10 cm和10~20 cm土层土壤微生物群落结构。结果表明:(1)3种复垦样地土壤微生物总数、微生物总浓度和微生物群落浓度均低于普通农田(CK),表明该煤矸山复垦地土壤质量状况仍未达到与普通农田相当的水平。(2)从土壤微生物群落结构看,3种土地利用类型中革兰氏阳性菌、细菌和放线菌所占比例无显著差异,而革兰氏阴性菌和真菌占比有显著变化。(3)在3种样地中,WL和PO样地中的优势菌种均为细菌16∶0、真菌18∶1 w9c和革兰氏阳性菌i15∶0、a15∶0;而GL样地中的优势菌种为细菌16∶0、真菌18∶1 w9c和革兰氏阳性菌i15∶0。
Soil microorganism is an important indicator of soil quality status, so studying its community characteristics is of great significance to guide the recovery of coal gangue vegetation. Taking the coal gangue of Caocun mine in Huozhou, Shanxi as an example, the soil microbial community structure in 0 ~ 10 cm and 10 ~ 20 cm soil layers of three land use types (WL, PO and GL) was analyzed. The results showed that: (1) The total number of soil microorganisms, total microbial concentration and microbial community concentrations in three kinds of reclamation sites were lower than those in common farmland (CK), indicating that the quality of the soil in this reclamation site did not reach the level of normal farmland s level. (2) From the perspective of soil microbial community structure, there was no significant difference in the proportion of Gram-positive bacteria, bacteria and actinomycetes among the three types of land use, while the proportion of Gram-negative bacteria and fungi had significant changes. (3) Among the three plots, dominant bacteria in WL and PO plots were all bacteria 16: 0, fungi 18: 1 w9c and gram-positive bacteria i15: 0, a15: 0; The dominant bacteria in the bacteria 16: 0, fungi 18: 1 w9c and Gram-positive bacteria i15: 0.