在这个注重经济效益的当代社会,人们几乎本能地要求某一学科转化为现实的生产力和经济效益,一旦某一学科在这方面无能为力时,似乎被认为没什么实际用处。张耕华认为,“一门学科如果不能向社会和世人显示它的价值和意义,难免使它的研究者有所遗憾,甚至为之担心——担心历史学失去学籍,历史学家失去黄油和面包。”这样看来,就直接的功利目标而言,历史似乎未必能给人提供眼前就能得到的实利。那么,历 In this economically-oriented contemporary society, people almost instinctively ask for a subject to be transformed into real productivity and economic benefits, and once a subject is powerless in this area, it seems as if nothing is considered useful. Zhang Genghua believes that “if a discipline can not show its value and significance to society and the world, it will inevitably make its researchers regret it or even worry about them. It fears that historians will lose their school records and that historians will lose butter and Bread. ”" It seems, therefore, that, given the immediate utilitarian goals, history does not seem to give people the immediate benefits that can come before them. So, calendar