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目的探讨正常人群、HIV感染者及AIDS患者外周血CD28分子表达变化及临床意义。方法选取AIDS患者、HIV感染患者及正常健康者各50例,分别设为A、B、C三组,比较三组间CD4+CD28+、CD8+CD28+T淋巴细胞计数和百分比,并分析血浆HIV病毒载量与CD4+、CD4+CD28+T淋巴细胞计数相关性。结果 A、B组CD4+T淋巴细胞计数和百分比水平显著低于C组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);A组CD4+T淋巴细胞计数和百分比水平显著低于B组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);B组CD8+T淋巴细胞计数水平显著高于A、C组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);A、B组CD8+T淋巴细胞百分比水平显著高于C组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);A组CD8+T淋巴细胞百分比水平显著高于B组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);A、B组CD4+CD28+T淋巴细胞计数和百分比水平显著低于C组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);A组CD4+CD28+T淋巴细胞计数和百分比水平显著低于B组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);A组CD8+CD28+T淋巴细胞计数水平显著低于B、C组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);A、B组CD8+CD28+T淋巴细胞百分比水平显著低于C组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);A组CD8+CD28+T淋巴细胞百分比水平显著低于B组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);A组血浆HIV病毒载量水平显著高于B组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);CD4+和CD4+CD28+T淋巴细胞计数与血浆HIV病毒载量呈负相关(r=-0.781,-0.549,P=0.001,0.003)。结论 HIV感染和AIDS患者随病情进展外周血T淋巴细胞CD28分子水平下降,可作为预后评价重要指标之一。
Objective To investigate the changes of CD28 expression in peripheral blood of normal people, HIV infected persons and AIDS patients and its clinical significance. Methods Fifty AIDS patients, HIV-infected patients and normal healthy subjects were selected and divided into three groups: A, B and C respectively. The counts and percentage of CD4 + CD28 +, CD8 + CD28 + T lymphocytes among the three groups were compared and analyzed. Correlation between viral load and CD4 +, CD4 + CD28 + T lymphocyte counts. Results The counts and percentages of CD4 + T lymphocytes in group A and B were significantly lower than those in group C (P <0.05). The counts and percentage of CD4 + T lymphocytes in group A were significantly lower than those in group B (P <0.05). The counts of CD8 + T lymphocytes in group B were significantly higher than those in groups A and C (P <0.05), and the percentage of CD8 + T lymphocytes in group A and B was significantly higher (P <0.05). The percentage of CD8 + T lymphocytes in group A was significantly higher than that in group B (P <0.05). The percentage of CD4 + CD28 + T cells in group A and B was significantly higher than that in group B (P <0.05). The counts and percentage of CD4 + CD28 + T lymphocytes in group A were significantly lower than those in group B (P <0.05), the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). The counts of CD8 + CD28 + T lymphocytes in group A were significantly lower than those in groups B and C (P <0.05), while the percentage of CD8 + CD28 + T lymphocytes in group A and B was significantly lower than that in group C (P <0.05). The percentage of CD8 + CD28 + T lymphocytes in group A was significantly lower than that in group B (P <0.05). The plasma HIV viral load in group A was significantly higher than that in group B Higher than in group B, differences (P <0.05). CD4 + and CD4 + CD28 + T lymphocyte counts were negatively correlated with plasma HIV viral load (r = -0.781, -0.549, P = 0.001,0.003). Conclusion The level of CD28 in peripheral blood T lymphocytes decreased with the progression of HIV infection and AIDS. It may be used as one of the important prognostic indicators.