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在边沁功利主义的影响下,19世纪中期在英美法中出现了被告人作证制度。该制度经过半个多世纪的发展,成为英美法国家一项特有的诉讼制度。现在,被告人作证制度被越来越多的国家所借鉴,因为它符合诉讼价值的要求,也符合刑法合目的性的理念。被告人作证制度使法官在更大程度了解案情的同时,保护被告人的沉默权。但为了公平和正义,此时的被告人不再享有“反对自证己罪”的特权。中国的犯罪嫌疑人、被告人供述与辩解制度与之相比有利有弊,辩解为利,供述为弊。因此,我国的相关诉讼制度应当以此为鉴,进一步的改进和完善。
Under the influence of Benthamism utilitarianism, the testimony system of defendants appeared in Anglo-American law in mid-19th century. After more than half a century of development, the system has become a unique litigation system in Anglo-American countries. Now, the defendant testimony system is used by more and more countries, because it meets the requirements of litigation value, but also in line with the purpose of the criminal law concept. The defendant’s testimony system enabled the judge to protect the accused’s right to silence while understanding the case more. However, in the interests of fairness and justice, the defendant at this time no longer enjoys the privilege of “opposing self-incrimination.” China’s criminal suspects, defendants confession and extortion system compared with the pros and cons, defend for the benefit, the confession is not good. Therefore, the relevant litigation system in our country should learn from it and make further improvement and improvement.