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目的对2015年1~9月季节性甲型H3N2流感病毒的血凝素(HA)基因变异情况进行遗传进化特征及抗原漂变趋势进行分析,旨在发现流感疫苗对目前H3N2流感病毒是否完全适用。方法对该时间段内的病毒流行情况进行统计分析,并对随机选择的49株代表性流行毒株进行HA基因序列的测定和分析。结果季节性H3N2亚型3C系是当地的流行优势株,其支系正在从3C.3a向3C.2a逐步转变。流行株的更替和病毒株的抗原漂变使得现用疫苗的免疫效果不断下降。正在流行的3C.2a支系流行株比例升高,其对于当前疫苗株的免疫效果可能不佳。结论本研究提示免疫策略急需调整,结果对指导下个流行季季节性H3N2流感病毒流行的防控具有参考价值。
Objective To analyze the genetic evolution and antigenic drift tendency of hemagglutinin (HA) gene in seasonal Influenza A (H3N2) virus from January to September in 2015 to find whether the influenza vaccine is fully applicable to the current H3N2 influenza virus . Methods The prevalence of the virus in this time period was statistically analyzed. The HA gene sequences of 49 representative epidemic strains randomly selected were determined and analyzed. Results The seasonal H3N2 subtype 3C line is a popular epidemic strain in the area, and its branch is gradually transforming from 3C.3a to 3C.2a. The replacement of the pandemic strain and the antigenic drift of the virus strain led to a continuous decrease in the immunization efficacy of the active vaccine. The prevalence of endemic strains in the 3C.2a clade increases and their immunization against the current vaccine strain may be poor. Conclusion This study suggests that the immunization strategy needs to be adjusted urgently, and the results have reference value to guide the prevention and control of the epidemic seasonal seasonal H3N2 influenza virus.