章太炎一生以传承文脉、弘扬国粹为己任,讲学不倦,弟子众多。鲁迅听讲时间不长,后来交往亦不密切,在许多看法上彼此似乎对立。章太炎提倡古文,鲁迅力挺白话;章太炎轻视小说,鲁迅是现代白话小说的开山;章太炎晚年提倡读经,鲁迅有所反对。但鲁迅一生的思想,受太炎先生影响却深,两篇回忆文章,郑重地称其为“有学问的革命家”。该文试图在鲁迅的知识谱系和思想渊源中探讨章太炎的作用和地位,辨析两人的同和异。 Zhang Tai-yan’s life to inherit the context, carry forward the quintessence of their own responsibility, tireless lectures, many disciples. Lu Xun listened for a short time, and later exchanges are not close, on the many views seem to oppose each other. Zhang Taiyan advocated prose, Lu Xun even vernacular; Zhang Taiyan contempt novels, Lu Xun is a modern vernacular novel mountains; Zhang Taiyan advocated reading in his later years, Lu Xun opposed. However, the thought of Lu Xun’s whole life was deeply influenced by Mr. Tai Yan. Two memoirs were solemnly called “the learned revolutionaries.” This article attempts to explore the role and status of Zhang Taiyan in Lu Xun’s pedigree and ideological origins, and to analyze the similarities and differences between the two.