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对探月飞行器返回到预期着陆点的轨迹特性进行了研究,着重分析了月球定点返回着陆点和再入点位置的变化规律。分析了返回轨迹特征点的相对位置特性,包括月球反垂点、再入点、近地点,得到了再入点速度、纬度具有变化较稳定的规律。在特征点位置特性研究的基础上,给出了着陆点和再入点位置分析近似方法;基于月相原理研究了着陆点光照条件和月球返回窗口的关系,定性地给出了基本结论。基于双二体模型进行轨迹仿真计算,验证了利用该理论模型分析月球定点返回轨迹的有效性。
The trajectory characteristics of the lunar exploration vehicle returning to the expected landing point are studied, and the variation regularity of returning landing point and reentry point of the lunar fixed point is analyzed emphatically. The relative position characteristics of the return trajectory feature points are analyzed, including the anti-drop point, reentry point and perigee of the moon, and the velocity and latitude of the reentry point have a stable change rule. Based on the study of the location characteristics of the feature points, the approximate method of location analysis of the landing and reentry points is given. Based on the moon phase principle, the relationship between the landing point illumination conditions and the lunar return window is studied. The basic conclusions are given qualitatively. Based on the dual-body model, trajectory simulation is performed to verify the validity of the lunar fixed-point return trajectory using the theoretical model.