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目的调查北京市通州区某国有企业员工的心理健康状况及其影响因素。方法采用自行设计的问卷及精神症状自评量表SCL-90对481名国有企业员工进行调查,利用SPSS 17.0软件进行统计分析。结果 481名员工的心理健康状况异常率为36.8%。接触职业病危害是该企业员工心理健康异常的危险因素(OR=1.766,95%CI为1.214~2.569)。logistic分析回归模型为ln(p/(1-p))=-0.832+0.569X。接触危害工龄为6~10 a组的人员总分及因子分均高于其他工龄组,且强迫症状和偏执2项因子分差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),接触噪声人员总分和各因子分均高于非接触人员,且除焦虑、敌对、恐怖因子分差异无统计学意义外,其余差异均有统计学意义。发生过安全事故的人员总分和各项因子分高于未发生过安全事故的人员,躯体化的因子分差异有统计学意义。结论通州区某国有企业员工存在一定程度的心理问题,接触职业病危害因素是该企业员工心理健康状况异常的危险因素。
Objective To investigate the mental health status and its influential factors of a state-owned enterprise employee in Tongzhou District of Beijing. Methods A total of 481 employees of state-owned enterprises were surveyed by self-designed questionnaire and SCL-90, and SPSS 17.0 software was used for statistical analysis. Results The abnormal mental health status of 481 employees was 36.8%. Exposure to occupational hazards is a risk factor for the abnormal mental health of the employees (OR = 1.766, 95% CI: 1.214-2.569). Logistic regression model was ln (p / (1-p)) = -0.832 + 0.569X. The total score and factor scores of the 6 to 10-year-old workers with exposure-induced injury were higher than those of other service-age groups, and there were significant differences in obsessive-compulsive symptoms and paranoid factors (P <0.05) Factor scores were higher than non-contact personnel, and except for anxiety, hostility and terror factors there was no significant difference, the remaining differences were statistically significant. There were significant differences in the factors of somatization between the total scores of staffs who had had a safety accident and those who had higher scores than those who had not had a safety accident. Conclusion There is a certain degree of psychological problems in a state-owned enterprise employee in Tongzhou District. Exposure to occupational hazards is a risk factor for abnormal employees’ mental health status.