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美国从1980年开始发布膳食指南,旨在提升公众的健康水平。指南由美国卫生与公共服务部、农业部联合发布,每五年修订一次。其目标从早期营养缺乏疾病的预防,慢慢演变到降低慢性非传染性疾病风险、维持理想体重和促进健康等方面。指南不仅为制定食品政策和工农业发展规划提供依据,也直接影响着公民膳食模式的选择。而支持指南的主要是营养学的新进展和循证医学方法。水、蛋白质、脂肪、糖类、矿物质和维生素是人类营养的基本成分。科
Since 1980, the United States has released dietary guidelines aimed at enhancing the public’s health. The guidelines were jointly released by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services and the Ministry of Agriculture and revised every five years. Its goals range from preventing early malnutrition, slowly evolving to reducing the risk of chronic noncommunicable diseases, maintaining ideal body weight and promoting health. The guidelines not only provide the basis for the formulation of food policies and industrial and agricultural development planning, but also directly affect the choice of citizens’ dietary patterns. The main support guide is the new advances in nutrition and evidence-based medicine. Water, protein, fat, sugars, minerals and vitamins are essential components of human nutrition. Section