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根据流体流动的基本规律,建立了冲刷腐蚀和空化流相变的数学模型,利用Fluent软件对喷油嘴内部流体进行数值模拟分析。结果表明:冲刷腐蚀引起材料损坏的严重位置为喷孔入口拐角处。然而当出现“超空穴”现象时,流体最大剪切应力位置会移至喷孔出口处附近;当腐蚀介质一定时,冲刷腐蚀程度随着燃油粘度、流体流速、进口压力、入口圆角的增大而增大,随着背压增大而减小;在进口压力和流速一定的情况下,降低燃油粘度和背压,减小入口圆角既能减缓流体冲刷腐蚀作用又有利于燃油雾化。
According to the basic law of fluid flow, a mathematical model of erosion and cavitation flow phase transition was established. Fluent software was used to simulate the fluid in the nozzle. The results show that the serious location of material damage caused by erosion is the corner of the entrance of the nozzle. However, when the phenomenon of “cavitation ” occurs, the position of the maximum shear stress of fluid will move to the vicinity of the exit of the orifice. When the corrosive medium is constant, the erosion degree will vary with the viscosity of the fuel, the flow rate of the fluid, the inlet pressure, Angle increases with the back pressure increases and decreases; inlet pressure and flow rate in the case of certain circumstances, to reduce the fuel viscosity and back pressure, reducing the entrance fillet can both slow down erosion of fluid erosion and is conducive to Fuel atomization.