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目的分析荆州市沙市区2004～2009年新增晚期血吸虫病(晚血)资料,为制定晚血防治对策提供科学依据。方法查阅6年间新增晚血患者个案调查表、晚血核查材料、晚血动态卡及确认后医疗救治住院病历资料,建立晚血数据库,并用Excel 2003软件进行统计分析。结果新增晚血以疫情相对较重的三类村为主,占新增晚血病人总数的73.33%(176/240),男性145例(占60.42%),女性95例(占39.58%)。新增晚血在50岁以上年龄段为最多,有187例,占77.92%。94.58%(227/240)新增晚血病人曾检查患有慢性血吸虫病,并进行病原治疗,病原治疗次数平均为4.2次。25例(占10.42%)并发上消化道出血,4例(占1.67%)并发肝昏迷,59例(占24.48%)合并乙肝病毒感染,6例(占2.5%)合并丙肝病毒感染。240例晚血病人中有75例(占31.25%)属新发晚血病例,158(占65.83%)属历史晚血病人复发,7例(占2.92%)是2004年启动晚血医疗救治项目实施救治治愈后复发病例。漏查13例,查漏17例。结论近期晚血表现为男性多、腹水型多、年龄大、血吸虫病病程长、伴有乙肝合并症者多、病情重和病情多反复等特点,新增晚血疫情与血吸虫病疫情严重程度相关。防治晚血需患者个人、卫生机构和社会共同参与,疫区需采取综合措施控制晚血发生和发展。
Objective To analyze the data of newly-added advanced schistosomiasis (late blood) from 2004 to 2009 in Shashi District of Jingzhou City, and to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and treatment of late-onset blood. Methods The cases of new late blood patients in 6 years, late blood checkup materials, dynamic blood card of late blood and medical treatment of inpatient medical records after confirmation were reviewed. The database of late blood was established and analyzed by Excel 2003 software. Results The new blood was mainly in three types of villages with relatively heavy outbreaks, accounting for 73.33% (176/240) of the total number of new patients with late-onset blood, 145 males (60.42%) and 95 females (39.58%), . New blood increased in the age group over the age of 50 for the most, 187 cases, accounting for 77.92%. 94.58% (227/240) newly diagnosed patients with late blood had chronic schistosomiasis and were treated with the pathogen. The average number of pathogen treatments was 4.2. In 25 cases (10.42%) with upper gastrointestinal bleeding, 4 cases (1.67%) had hepatic coma, 59 cases (24.48%) had hepatitis B virus infection and 6 cases (2.5%) had hepatitis C virus infection. Among the 240 patients with late-onset blood disease, 75 (31.25%) were new-onset cases of late-onset blood disease, 158 (65.83%) were patients with recurrent history of hemorrhage, and 7 (2.92%) were late-onset medical treatment programs Implementation of the cure after the recurrence of cases. Missing investigation in 13 cases, leak detection in 17 cases. Conclusions The recent late blood showed more men, more ascites, older, longer duration of schistosomiasis, more patients with hepatitis B complications, more serious illness and repeated illness and other characteristics of late epidemics and the severity of the epidemic of schistosomiasis . The prevention and treatment of late blood requires individual patients, health agencies and the community to participate in the epidemic area to take comprehensive measures to control the occurrence and development of late blood.