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目的了解粤西高校教职工高尿酸血症患病率及其危险因素,为相关疾病的病因学研究提供参考。方法选择粤西2所高校1 260名教职工为研究对象,进行一般资料、家族史和生活方式及饮食习惯的问卷调查和血压、身高、体重、腹部B超、心电图及血尿酸、血糖、血脂、肝肾功能等检测。对不同性别间分组分别进行高尿酸血症组与尿酸正常组生活方式、饮食习惯及临床指标的比较,对尿酸水平的影响因素进行Logistic多因素回归分析。结果粤西高校教职工高尿酸血症总患病率为16.4%,其中男性为27.7%,女性为6.9%,男性明显高于女性(χ2=99.0,P<0.01)。与尿酸正常组相比,男性高尿酸血症组的体质量指数、血压、血尿酸、血清三酰甘油、总胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、肌酐、尿素氮值均明显增高(P<0.01或P<0.05);女性体质量指数、收缩压和肌酐值高于尿酸正常组(P<0.01或P<0.05)。男、女高尿酸血症组的超重与肥胖、代谢综合症、血脂异常、脂肪肝、高血压、肌酐升高和不良生活方式及饮食习惯的发生率均明显增高(P值均<0.01)。Logistic多因素回归分析显示,超重与肥胖、高血压、高三酰甘油血症和肌酐升高是影响男性血尿酸水平的主要相关因素,而女性血尿酸水平的影响因素主要是超重与肥胖和血脂异常。结论高尿酸血症是危害粤西高校教职工的主要慢性病之一。心脑血管病和代谢病的多种危险因素与高尿酸血症相关,超重与肥胖和血脂异常是男、女血尿酸升高的共同危险因素,高血压和肾功能受损主要是男性血尿酸升高的危险因素。
Objective To understand the prevalence and risk factors of hyperuricemia in faculties in western Guangdong and to provide reference for the etiology of related diseases. Methods A total of 1,260 faculty members from 2 universities in western Guangdong were selected as research subjects. Questionnaires of general information, family history, lifestyle and eating habits were collected. Blood pressure, height, weight, abdominal ultrasonography, electrocardiogram, blood uric acid, , Liver and kidney function tests. The lifestyle, dietary habits and clinical indexes of hyperuricemia group and normal uric acid group were compared among different gender groups respectively. Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the influencing factors of uric acid level. Results The total prevalence of hyperuricemia among faculty members in western Guangdong was 16.4%, of whom 27.7% were male and 6.9% were female, which was significantly higher in males than in females (χ2 = 99.0, P <0.01). Compared with normal uric acid group, body mass index, blood pressure, serum uric acid, serum triglyceride, total cholesterol, LDL-C, creatinine and urea nitrogen in male patients with hyperuricemia were significantly higher (P <0.01 or P <0.05). Body mass index, systolic blood pressure and creatinine in women were higher than those in normal uric acid group (P <0.01 or P <0.05). The prevalence of overweight and obesity, metabolic syndrome, dyslipidemia, fatty liver, hypertension, creatinine, unhealthy lifestyles and eating habits were significantly higher in male and female patients with hyperuricemia (P <0.01). Logistic multivariate regression analysis showed that overweight and obesity, hypertension, hypertriglyceridemia and creatinine were the main factors that affect the serum uric acid level in men. The main influencing factors of uric acid level in women were overweight and obesity and dyslipidemia . Conclusion Hyperuricemia is one of the major chronic diseases that endanger faculty in western Guangdong. Multiple risk factors of cardiovascular disease and metabolic disease are associated with hyperuricemia. Overweight and obesity and dyslipidemia are common risk factors for elevated serum uric acid in both men and women. Hypertension and renal dysfunction are mainly male uric acid Elevated risk factors.