论文部分内容阅读
目的了解北京市昌平区肠道传染病发病情况和流行特征,为制定防控策略提供依据。方法通过“中国疾病预防控制信息系统疾病监测信息报告管理系统”收集北京市昌平区2005-2013年报告的肠道传染病病例资料,采用描述流行病学方法对其流行特征进行分析。结果 2005-2013年昌平区共报告肠道传染病10种,累计64 877例,占法定报告传染病病例总数的76.81%,年均报告发病率为688.85/10万,无脊髓灰质炎病例报告;死亡12例,死亡率为0.13/10万。发病数居前3位的疾病为其他感染性腹泻、手足口病和细菌性痢疾,占肠道传染病报告病例数的99.18%。每年5~8月为发病高峰,占全年发病数的59.08%。病例主要分布在流动人口聚集的城乡结合地区,占病例总数的77.82%。男女性别比为1.37∶1,男女性发病率差异有统计学意义(χ2=778.59,P<0.01)。5岁以下儿童占发病总数的58.60%;以散居儿童、幼托儿童和学生为主,占发病总数的72.09%。结论昌平区以肠道传染病为主,防控的重点为流动人口聚集地区和儿童,应加强监测,有效预防和控制肠道传染病的暴发和流行。
Objective To understand the prevalence and epidemiological characteristics of intestinal infectious diseases in Changping District, Beijing, and to provide the basis for making prevention and control strategies. Methods The data of intestinal infectious diseases reported in Changping District of Beijing from 2005 to 2013 were collected through the “China Disease Prevention and Control Information System Disease Surveillance Information Reporting Management System”, and the descriptive epidemiological method was used to analyze the epidemiological characteristics of intestinal infectious diseases. Results From 2005 to 2013, Changping District reported a total of 10 intestinal infectious diseases with a total of 64 877 cases, accounting for 76.81% of the total number of notifiable infectious diseases reported with an annual average incidence of 688.85 per 100 000 cases without poliomyelitis. In 12 deaths, the death rate was 0.13 / 100,000. The top 3 diseases were other infectious diarrhea, hand-foot-mouth disease and bacillary dysentery, accounting for 99.18% of the reported cases of intestinal infectious diseases. From May to August every year as the peak incidence, accounting for 59.08% of the annual incidence. The cases are mainly distributed in urban and rural areas with floating population, accounting for 77.82% of the total cases. The male-female ratio was 1.37: 1, and there was significant difference between male and female (χ2 = 778.59, P <0.01). Children under the age of 5 accounted for 58.60% of the total number of cases; mainly scattered children, preschool children and students, accounting for 72.09% of the total. Conclusion Changping District, mainly to intestinal infectious diseases, prevention and control focused on the floating population areas and children, monitoring should be strengthened to effectively prevent and control the outbreak of intestinal infectious diseases and epidemics.