日本的“言文一致”运动始于1887年。当时,日本近代文学创始人之一的二叶亭四迷用「だ体」发表了小说《浮云》,开创了“言文一致”文体的新纪元。现代文体的建立使句尾表达形式如「です·ます」体、「だ」体、「である」体在现代日语文章中出现并得以巩固下来。本文将就“言文一致”运动的发生、发展以及日语句尾各文体表达的形成、演变进行综合考察。“言文一致”运动的兴起日本江户时代(1603—1867)末期的文章从标记上看有两种,即汉文和汉字假名混合文。上层人物、有教养有文化的人写汉文,但普遍使用的是 Japan’s “consistent speech and writing” movement began in 1887. At that time, the two Yeh Ting-jing, one of the founders of Japanese modern literature, published the novel Floating Cloud with the body of “だ 體” and created a new era of “consistent speech and writing.” The establishment of modern style of writing makes the end-of-sentence expressions in the form of “desu-masu”, “da” and “で あ ru” appear in modern Japanese articles and can be consolidated. This article will conduct a comprehensive survey of the occurrence and development of the “speech consistent ” movement and the formation and evolution of the various stylistic expressions at the end of the Japanese sentence. The rise of the “movement” rise The Japanese Edo era (1603-1867) the end of the article from the mark there are two, namely, Chinese and Chinese kana mixed text. The upper class, educated and literate people write Chinese, but commonly used is