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用20年时间企图了解堵塞了供给心脏血液动脉的原因的两位研究人员获得了1985年医学和生理学诺贝尔奖金。 Joseph Goldstein和Michael Brown自从1966年以来,便开始研究血中胆固醇和心脏动脉中脂肪斑块的关系。人体中95％以上的胆固醇存在于细胞中,尤其是在细胞膜中,细胞膜是细胞的重要支持和某些生化反应的结构。科学家认为在血液循环中7％的胆固醇引起动脉粥样硬化。大多数血液中的胆固醇是以低密度脂蛋白(LDL)的形式存在,这是由胆固醇、其它脂类和蛋白质形成的微粒。细胞表面的特殊受体识别LDL并让它们进入细胞。 Brown和Goldstein首先发现这种受体并且证明,LDL受体非常少的人血中的胆固醇含量高。这种人很易
Two researchers who spent 20 years attempting to understand why the blood supply to the heart’s bloodstream was blocked won the 1985 Nobel Prize in Medicine and Physiology. Joseph Goldstein and Michael Brown have been studying the relationship between cholesterol in the blood and fat plaques in the heart arteries since 1966. More than 95% of the body’s cholesterol is present in cells, especially in cell membranes, which are important cellular supports and structures for certain biochemical reactions. Scientists believe that 7% of the cholesterol in the blood circulation causes atherosclerosis. Most blood cholesterol is in the form of low density lipoproteins (LDL), which are particles of cholesterol, other lipids and proteins. Special receptors on the cell surface recognize LDL and allow them to enter the cell. Brown and Goldstein first discovered this receptor and demonstrated high cholesterol levels in human blood with very few LDL receptors. Such people are easy