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为了发掘影响粳稻芽期耐盐碱性状的优异等位变异及相关的载体材料用于品种耐盐碱潜力改良,以不同地理来源的176份粳稻种质组成的自然群体为研究材料,针对水稻直播的种植方式,直接采用黑龙江省大庆地区的标志性中度苏打盐碱土进行芽期胁迫处理,分别对胁迫13,18 d的地上部钠离子浓度(SNC)、地上部钾离子浓度(SKC)、地上部钠钾比(SNK)及18 d的盐碱害级别(SDG)进行调查.同时鉴定了这176个品种154对SSR标记的基因型,利用STRUCTURE 2.2软件进行了群体结构分析和连锁不平衡分析,通过TASSEL 3.0软件的一般线性模型(GLM)和混合线性模型(MLM)进行标记与性状的关联分析,并进一步挖掘优异变异及相关载体材料.结果表明,研究中自然群体被划分为3个亚群,且每个亚群内均存在不同程度的连锁不平衡;在关联分析的过程中,共检测到13个与粳稻芽期耐盐碱性显著关联的位点,其中,有8个位点在TASSEL 3.0软件的2种模型条件下同时被检测到,对这8个位点进行进一步的鉴定得到了24个优异等位变异.通过比较图谱发现,2种模型条件下同时检测出的8个与耐盐碱性状显著关联的位点中,有7个为前人已经报道过的位点,而RM1219在前人研究中未见报道,且RM1219同时与3个耐盐碱性状显著关联,可能是一个新的与粳稻芽期耐盐碱性相关联的位点.“,”In order to identify the elite allelic variation of salt-and-alkali-tolerance traits that affect the budding stage of Japonica rice and the related carriers for the improvement of saline-alkali potential of cultivars,the natural group consists of 176 Japonica rice from different geographical origins was used for research materials. For direct seeding of rice planting methods,the medium soda salt alkaline soil in Daqing Area of Heilongjiang Province was used for bud stress treatment. The shoot Na+concentration(SNC),shoot K+concentration(SKC),shoot Na+/K+(SNK) of 13 d and 18 d,and salinization damage grade (SDG) of 18 d from the aboveground part of the budding stage were identified,which were related to the saline-alkaline tolerance of Japonica rice. At the same time,154 SSR marker genotypes of 176 cultivars were identified,STRUCTURE 2.2 software was used to analyze the popula-tion structure and linkage disequilibrium,the correlation analysis between the marker and the trait was carried out by the general linear model(GLM) and the mixed linear model(MLM) of TASSEL 3.0 software,and the superior mutation and related vector materials. The results showed that the natural population was divided into three sub-groups,and each subgroup had different degrees of linkage disequilibrium. In the process of correlation analysis,a total of 13 locis was found that was significantly associated with salt-alkaline resistance in Japonica rice at the bud stage,of which 8 locis were detected simultaneously under the two model conditions of TASSEL 3.0 software further identification at 8 locis resulted in 24 excellent allelic variations. By comparing the maps,it was found that among the eight sites simultaneously found to be significantly associated with salinity-tolerance traits,seven were previously reported sites under the two model conditions,whereas RM1219 was not found in previous studies. Reported that there was a significant correlation between RM1219 and three salt-tolerant traits,which may be a new site associated with salt-alkaline resistance in Japonica rice at the budding stage.