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在马克思主义政治经济学中,生产劳动是最基本的经济学范畴。在本文中,我们提出了以下全新的观点:1.马克思有两个生产劳动定义:第一个生产劳动定义是在资本主义生产方式下生产资本的劳动,也即资本主义劳动;第二个生产劳动定义是在资本主义物质产品生产领域生产资本的劳动,也即物质产品生产领域中的资本主义劳动。2.马克思的生产劳动和非生产劳动划分的前提和基础是雇佣劳动,无论是生产劳动还是非生产劳动都是雇佣劳动,生产劳动和非生产劳动划分的前提和基础是劳动的买卖而不是产品的买卖。3.马克思没有提出所谓的“一般生产劳动”范畴,我们对于马克思生产劳动理论的多年误解都是源于这个令人难以置信的误读。
In Marxist political economy, productive labor is the most basic category of economics. In this paper, we put forward the following new ideas: 1. Marx has two definitions of productive labor: the first definition of productive labor is the capital-producing labor under capitalist mode of production, that is, capitalist labor; the second one Labor definition is the labor of capital production in the field of the production of capitalist material products, that is, capitalist labor in the field of the production of material products. 2. The preconditions and foundation of Marx’s division of production labor and non-production labor are wage labor. Both the productive labor and the non-productive labor are the wage labor. The precondition and basis of the division of productive labor and non-productive labor are the buying and selling of labor, not the products The sale. 3. Marx did not propose the so-called category of “general productive labor”. Our misunderstanding of many years of Marx’s theory of productive labor stems from this incredible misreading.