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2002年,马王堆古尸出土三十年保存状况评估结果发现,古尸整体外观保存良好,但显微结构较30年前有所改变,保存液成分分析则显示古尸存在蛋白质降解和骨组织脱钙的趋势。针对此结果,湖南省马王堆古尸与文物研究保护中心汇同湖南省博物馆与中南大学的专家共同探索,经几年的不懈努力,运用“整体—细胞—分子”三级并重的保护模式,成功地缓解了马王堆古尸骨组织脱钙和蛋白质降解,取得了阶段性成果,并荣获2009年度国家文物局文物保护科学和技术创新奖二等奖。本文将对该成果的核心理念和技术进行简介。
In 2002, the evaluation of the preservation status of the ancient womb in Mawangdui for thirty years showed that the appearance of the whole body was preserved well, but the microstructure was changed more than 30 years ago. Analysis of the preservation solution showed that there existed protein degradation and bone Tissue decalcification trend. In response to this result, the Mawangdui Historical Relics and Cultural Relics Protection and Research Center of Hunan Province jointly explores with experts from Hunan Provincial Museum and Central South University. After several years of unremitting efforts, the “holistic-cell-molecular” three-level The protection mode successfully solved the decalcification and protein degradation of the ancient bones in Mawangdui and achieved the phased achievements. It won the second prize of 2009 State Administration of Cultural Heritage, Science and Technology Innovation Award for Cultural Relics Conservation. This article gives an introduction to the core concepts and techniques of this achievement.