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目的探讨中学生体质量超标、肥胖现状及相关影响因素。方法选取2014年11月—2015年6月我市5 026名中学生的相关资料进行分析,入选学生均进行常规体格检查,采用自拟问卷调查表对中学生体质量超标、肥胖现状进行调查,参照《中国学龄儿童青少年体质量超标、肥胖筛查体重指数值分类标准》作为其判定标准,对检出的影响因素进行回归分析。结果入选的4 831名中学生中488例营养不良,占10.1%;2 521例较低体质量,占52.18%;174例体质量超标,占3.6%,282例肥胖,占5.84%。正常体质量中学生仅有1 366例,占28.28%;4 831例中学生中456例出现体质量超标、肥胖,发生率为9.44%。对中学生体质量超标、肥胖进行非条件logistic分析,结果中学生体质量超标、肥胖发生率与户外运动时间、吃油腻食物、看电视时间过长、出生体质量以及进食速度等因素关系密切(P<0.05)。结论我市中学生体质量超标、肥胖率接近全国平均水平,且遗传、饮食行为和运动是其影响因素,应该加强中学生饮食干预和运动指导,降低慢性疾病发生率。
Objective To explore the overweight of middle school students, the status of obesity and related influencing factors. Methods The data of 5 026 middle school students in our city from November 2014 to June 2015 were analyzed. All the students were selected for routine physical examination. The self-made questionnaire was used to investigate the status of overweight and obesity among middle school students. China’s children and adolescents in school-age children overweight, obesity screening body mass index value classification criteria "as its criteria for the detection of the factors that affect the regression analysis. Results 488 out of 4831 secondary school students were malnourished, accounting for 10.1%; 2 521 cases of lower body weight, accounting for 52.18%; 174 cases of excessive body weight accounting for 3.6% and 282 cases of obesity accounting for 5.84%. There were only 1 366 middle school students with normal body mass, accounting for 28.28%; 456 out of 4831 middle school students had overweight and obesity, with a rate of 9.44%. Non-conditional logistic analysis of overweight and obesity among middle school students resulted in over-standard secondary school students’ body mass, the incidence of obesity was closely related to outdoor exercise time, eating greasy food, watching TV for a long time, birth weight and eating speed (P < 0.05). Conclusion The body mass of our middle school students is overweight and the obesity rate is close to the national average. And the genetic, dietary behaviors and exercise are the influencing factors. Dietary intervention and exercise instruction should be strengthened to reduce the incidence of chronic diseases.