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目的：探讨宫腔脱落细胞中P27kip1、cyclin E基因的表达在子宫内膜癌早期诊断中的意义。方法收集健康志愿者及子宫内膜癌患者宫腔脱落细胞样本共80例；提取总RNA ，采用实时荧光定量PCR法检测目的基因的表达，比较健康志愿者及子宫内膜癌患者宫腔脱落细胞中 P27kip1、cyclin E基因表达量的差异。结果荧光定量PCR结果显示，P27kip1基因在健康志愿者宫腔脱落细胞中的表达显著高于子宫内膜癌患者，差异有统计学意义（P＜0．05），并随恶性程度升高，P27kip1的表达水平降低，两者比较差异有统计学意义（P＜0．05）；cyclin E基因的表达随恶性程度的增高而增高，两者比较差异有统计学意义（P＜0．05）。结论联合检测P27kip1和cyclin E基因可作为子宫内膜癌早期诊断的依据。“,”Objective To dectect the expression of P27kip1 and cyclin E genes in intrauterine exfoliated cells of endometrial cancer and normal people and explore its clinical relevance in diagnosing and prognostic monitoring . Methods 80 cases about intrauterine exfoliated cells of the endometrial cancer patients and normal people were col‐lected and extracted the total RNA .And the target genes were detected by the real‐time quantitative PCR and calcu‐late the data through the method of ΔΔCt .Then compare the expression of P27kip1 and cyclin E genes in endometrial cancer patient and normal people .All the experimental data were statistically analyzed by SPSS17 .0 software .Results The real‐time quantitative PCR dedicated that the expression of P27kip1 gene in normal people was higher than en‐dometrial cancer patients(P<0 .05) .With the increasing degree of malignancy ,the expression of P27kip1 was signifi‐cantly reduced(P<0 .05) .The expression of cyclin E gene was presented a negative correlation with P27kip1 .Conclu‐sion Real‐time fluorescent quantitative PCR can sensitively and specifically detected the expression of P27kip1 and cy‐clin E in the intrauterine exfoliate cells .There has a close relationship between the expression of P27kip1 and cyclin E and the development of endometrial cancer .The research has provide us some theory and data support of the diagno‐sing and monitoring of endometrial cancer .