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目的为了解我市手足口病疫情,探讨发病的危险因素,为今后控制疫情提供科学依据。方法采用问卷调查方法,按照发病率分层再随机抽样共抽取150例手足口病例,对患者一般情况、既往接触史、就诊经过及诊断情况、临床表现、临床用药情况、实验室结果进行了调查。结果从2009年4月1日—7月27日,随机抽取的150例,有效问卷148例,轻症147例,重症1例,男性98例,女性50例;148例病例全部有皮疹,不发热81例,发热66例,大部份患儿低热为主,未发现超过40℃以上的病例,发热多在病程1~3 d出现,发热持续2~6 d;病程3~14 d,平均5.97 d。调查的148例病例症状较轻,均痊愈,均无后遗症出现。首诊单位80.41%在县级医院,首诊和确诊时间上差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);实验室检查无明显异常。结论发病时间有明显季节性,病例集中在4、5月份,发病集中在1~4岁儿童,以散居儿童为主;且以轻症为主,预后较好;我市手足口病例在发病后能及时就诊并能明确诊断,治疗及时,重症发生率低。
Objective To understand the epidemic situation of HFMD in our city, explore the risk factors for the disease and provide a scientific basis for controlling the epidemic in the future. Methods A total of 150 cases of hand, foot and mouth were stratified by random sampling in accordance with the questionnaire method. The general situation, previous contact history, treatment history, diagnosis, clinical manifestations, clinical medication and laboratory results were investigated . Results From April 1, 2009 to July 27, 2009, 150 cases were randomly selected, 148 valid questionnaires, 147 mild cases, 1 severe case, 98 male cases and 50 female cases. All 148 cases had rashes, and none Fever in 81 cases, 66 cases of fever, most of the children with low fever, no more than 40 ℃ cases were found, the fever occurred in the course of 1 ~ 3 d, fever lasted 2 ~ 6 d; duration of 3 ~ 14 d, the average 5.97 d. The 148 cases investigated mild symptoms, were cured, no sequelae appeared. The first diagnosis unit 80.41% in the county hospital, the first diagnosis and diagnosis of time was no significant difference (P> 0.05); laboratory tests showed no abnormalities. Conclusions The onset time is obviously seasonal. The cases are concentrated in April and May. The incidence mainly concentrates in children aged 1-4 years, mainly in scattered children. The main symptoms are mild and the prognosis is good. Timely treatment and can be a clear diagnosis, timely treatment, the incidence of severe low.