加拿大是发达市场经济国家,有一套适合该国国情、比较完善的教育人事制度,其主要特征是:1.教师职业属性清楚,大学教师是自由职业者,中小学教师是政府雇员;2.分权制衡、集体谈判是教师管理的基础;3.按需择人,公开招聘,严格遴选;4.福利和社会保障制度发达,带有明显的福利社会的特 Canada is a developed market economy country. It has a relatively perfect educational personnel system that suits the national conditions of the country. Its main features are: 1. Teachers have clear professional attributes, university teachers are freelance, and primary and secondary school teachers are government employees; 2. The balance of powers and collective bargaining are the basis for teacher management; 3. On-demand selection, open recruitment, and strict selection; 4. Well-developed welfare and social security systems, with a distinctive welfare society