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在河套灌区引入成熟的作物模型并进行适应性验证,可为进一步开展玉米生长监测及估产提供依据和基础。本文利用河套灌区巴彦淖尔农业气象试验站2012年玉米观测数据,结合当地气象、土壤资料对荷兰瓦赫宁根大学开发的WOFOST模型进行参数校准,并利用2013年玉米观测数据和2001—2011年农业气象观测资料对模型的区域适用性进行验证,获得了玉米的基本作物参数,包括各发育阶段比叶面积、最大CO2同化率、单叶光能利用率等。结果表明:通过校准作物参数,WOFOST模型可以较好地模拟LAI扩展、生物量的动态积累过程,LAI、各器官生物量及最终产量的模拟值与实测值吻合较好;独立样本检验中,模型模拟LAI的绝对偏差平均值为0.75,叶生物量、茎生物量、贮存器官生物量、地上部总生物量、产量的归一化均方根误差分别为33%、26%、17%、18%和13%;模拟2001—2011年玉米产量的归一化均方根误差为7.5%。参数校准后的模型对LAI、各器官生物量、产量的模拟结果较为符合实际,WOFOST模型能够适用于河套地区玉米生产过程生理、生态因子诊断、评估等。
The introduction of mature crop model and adaptive verification in Hetao Irrigation District can provide the basis and basis for further monitoring and estimation of maize growth. Based on the 2012 corn observation data from Bayannaoer Agricultural Meteorological Station in Hetao Irrigation District and using the local meteorological and soil data to conduct the parameter calibration of the WOFOST model developed by the University of Wageningen, the Netherlands, and by using the corn observation data in 2013 and 2001-2011 The agro-meteorological observation data validated the regional applicability of the model and obtained the basic crop parameters of maize, including the specific leaf area, the maximum CO2 assimilation rate and the single leaf light energy utilization rate in each developmental stage. The results show that the WOFOST model can simulate the LAI expansion, the dynamic accumulation process of biomass, the simulated values of LAI, biomass of all organs and the final yield are in good agreement with the measured values by calibrating the crop parameters. In the independent sample test, the model The average absolute deviation of simulated LAI was 0.75, and the normalized root mean square error of leaf biomass, stem biomass, biomass of storage organ, aboveground biomass and yield were 33%, 26%, 17%, 18 % And 13% respectively. The normalized root mean square error (RMSE) of maize production from 2001 to 2011 was 7.5%. The results of simulation of LAI, biomass and yield of each model after the parameter calibration are more in line with the actual situation. The WOFOST model can be applied to the physiological and ecological factors diagnosis and assessment of maize production in Hetao area.