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目的:从准噶尔乌头(Aconitum soongaricum Stapf)中分离具有抗农作物致病菌的内生菌,并对其进行系统鉴定。方法:采用研磨法从准噶尔乌头的根和叶等组织中分离内生菌;再通过琼脂扩散法筛选具有抗农作物致病菌活性的内生菌;利用传统的形态学观察、生理生化特征和16S rDNA序列分析对拮抗菌进行鉴定,并对其代谢产物做了生物碱和多糖的检测。结果:从准噶尔乌头中分离到菌株XJAS-ZB-36具有较好拮抗作用,分别对玉米大斑病菌、玉米小斑病菌、苹果斑点落叶病菌西瓜枯萎病、葡萄白腐病具有拮抗作用,经形态学观察和分子分类学分析鉴定与枯草芽孢杆菌(Bcillus subtilis)指标一致,与Bacillus subtilissub sp.subtilis NBRC137197(AB271744)处在同一分支,相似性为100%,G+Cmol%为33.4%。该菌株代谢产物中含有生物碱和胞外多糖。结论:从准噶尔乌头中分离到的内生细菌XJAS-ZB-36,可作为生物农药生产的候选菌株。
OBJECTIVE: To isolate and identify endophytic bacteria resistant to pathogenic fungi from Aconitum soongaricum Stapf. METHODS: Endophytic bacteria were isolated from tissues of roots and leaves of Zungal aconitum by grinding method. Endophytic bacteria with anti-pathogenic fungi activity were screened by agar diffusion method. By using traditional morphological observation, physiological and biochemical characteristics and 16S rDNA sequence analysis of antagonistic bacteria were identified, and its metabolites alkaloids and polysaccharides were tested. Results: The strain XJAS-ZB-36 isolated from Zungal aconitum had a good antagonistic effect against S. turcica, P. solani and P. speciman wilt and grape white rot. Morphological observation and molecular taxonomic analysis were consistent with those of Bcillus subtilis, and were similar to Bacillus subtilis sp. Subtilis NBRC137197 (AB271744). The similarity was 100% and the G + C mol% was 33.4%. The strain metabolites contain alkaloids and extracellular polysaccharides. Conclusion: The endophytic bacteria XJAS-ZB-36 isolated from Zungal aconitum can be used as a candidate strain for biopesticide production.