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硝苯吡啶(Nifedipine)又称利心平、心痛定,对冠状动脉痉挛及变异型心绞痛疗效卓著.由于其降压作用快速而显著,价格低廉,使用方便,副作用小,因而对重症高血压患者及各种高血压急症尤为适用.现将其有关药理及临床应用综述如下. 一、降压作用的机理肌细胞的收缩,均依赖于钙的穿膜内流及肌浆网储存钙的释放。由于心肌及血管平滑肌肌浆网储存钙没有骨骼肌多,其收缩所需的钙离子主要来源于细胞外。钙是二者兴奋—收缩偶联不可缺少的因素,是收缩的触发剂及始动因子.其作用过程是:在心肌及平滑肌兴奋过程中,钙离子从胞膜进入细胞,使胞浆中钙离子浓度一过性升高(约从静息时的10~(-7)增至10~(-5)),从而激活肌凝蛋白(myosin)
Nifedipine, also known as Lixintin, nifedipine, is effective in treating coronary artery spasm and variant angina pectoris.Due to its rapid and significant antihypertensive effect, low price, easy to use and low side effects, Nifedipine is effective in treating patients with severe hypertension and A variety of hypertensive emergency is particularly applicable.About its pharmacological and clinical applications are summarized as follows.A mechanism of antihypertensive effects of muscle cell contraction, are dependent on the calcium through the membrane influx and sarcoplasmic reticulum stored calcium release. As myocardial and vascular smooth muscle sarcoplasmic reticulum stored calcium and no more skeletal muscle, the contraction of calcium ions mainly from the extracellular. Calcium is both exciting - an indispensable factor for contraction coupling, is the trigger of contraction and the initiating factor.The role of the process is: in the excited process of myocardium and smooth muscle, calcium ions from the cell membrane into the cytoplasm of calcium Ion concentration transiently increased (about 10 ~ (-7) at rest to 10 ~ (-5)), which activates myosin (myosin)