异化(Alienation)被称为“语言中最难解的名词之一”,几个世纪以来,它主要有三层意思。一、权利或财产的让与;二、离开友人的行为或结果(疏远);三、精神错乱。这个名词具有一段悠久然而平凡的历史,直至二十世纪四十年代和五十年代,才一变而成为最流行的名词之一。在这以前,该词的使用是相当有所节制和具有特定意义的,局限于法律、经济、人际关系和医学方面,第二次大战以后,该词成为神学、哲学、社会学、政治学、哲学人类学、文艺批 Alienation is called “one of the most inaudible terms in language,” and for centuries it has three major meanings. First, the concession of rights or property; Second, the behavior or result of leaving friends (alienated); Third, insanity. The term has a long but mundane history that changed into one of the most popular nouns until the 1940s and 1950s. Until then, the use of the term was quite modest and of particular significance, confined to the legal, economic, interpersonal and medical aspects. After the Second World War, the term became theological, philosophical, sociological, political science, Philosophical anthropology, literary criticism