坝工的兴建改变了原河道的天然面貌。水库水位抬高增加了水体的位能,水流通过泄水建筑物时位能逐渐转化为动能。具有巨大动能的高速水流往往造成下游河槽的严重冲刷,威胁坝工的安全。因此,需要采取种种措施以减少高速水流对下游河床的冲刷能力,保证建筑物本身的安全。这种措施所 Dam construction has changed the natural appearance of the original river. The elevation of reservoir water level increases the potential energy of the water body. When the water flow passes through the drainage building, the potential energy of the water body can be gradually converted into kinetic energy. High-speed currents with huge kinetic energy often result in serious erosion of downstream flume and threaten the safety of dam workers. Therefore, various measures need to be taken to reduce the scouring ability of high-speed water on the downstream river bed and ensure the safety of the building itself. This measure