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目的:分析主动脉夹层(AD)破裂死亡的临床表现及病理特点。方法:对16例AD破裂死亡案例进行回顾性研究。结果:AD破裂死亡多发生于40～60岁,有明显性别差异,发病季节多在冬春季(11月～次年4月),突发性腰背部疼痛及腹痛多为首发症状,常伴有高血压、动脉粥样硬化等病史,以Debakey I型多见,且发病急、死亡快,常为心包填塞死亡。结论:尸检发现AD破裂有助于医疗纠纷的处理及提高临床诊疗水平。
Objective: To analyze the clinical manifestations and pathological features of ruptured aortic dissection (AD). Methods: A retrospective study of 16 cases of AD rupture. Results: AD rupture occurred mostly in 40 to 60 years old, with significant gender differences, the onset of the season mostly in winter and spring (November to April next year), sudden lower back pain and abdominal pain are the first symptom, often accompanied by Hypertension, atherosclerosis and other medical history, to Debakey I type more common, and the incidence of acute and rapid death, often as pericardial packing death. Conclusion: Autopsy findings of AD rupture help to deal with medical disputes and improve clinical diagnosis and treatment.