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魏玛现代性是德国一战后的历史产物,旧有的信仰体系已经陷落,但替代性的社会规范却尚未诞生。在这样一个虚空的时代中,对于意义重建的渴盼成为了德国社会普遍的心理诉求。作为当时十分活跃的知识分子,克拉考尔在《等待者》一文中,对魏玛共和国的现代性困境进行了深刻解读。通过对文化相对主义、宗教复兴主义以及彻底怀疑主义的逐一批判,克拉考尔提出,想要突破现代性困境,找寻失落之意义,必须从对具体文化现象的批判性解读入手,以文化唯物主义之实对抗抽象理性主义之虚,以此挖掘资本主义合理性背后的解放性力量。
The modernity of Weimar is the historical product of Germany after World War I, and the old belief system has fallen. However, alternative social norms have not yet been born. In such an empty era, the desire for reconstruction of meaning has become a common psychological appeal in German society. As a very active intellectual at the time, Klacauer made a profound reading of the plight of modernity in the Weimar Republic in his article “Waiting for a Job.” Through the critique of cultural relativism, religious revivalism and total skepticism, Krakauer proposed that if we want to break through the dilemma of modernity and find out the meaning of loss, we must start with a critical interpretation of the specific cultural phenomenon, with cultural materialism In fact, it confronted the deficiency of abstract rationalism in order to tap the forces of liberation behind the rationality of capitalism.