政府组织与民间社会应对灾害的方式具有明显的差别,前者的“应对”是一次如何将灾害社会化的共救过程,而后者的“应对”则是一种互助式、内省式的自救行为。这种差别主要由两者不同的灾害认知、传播及应对知识体系造成的。因此,辨析两者应对差异以及规避两者在应对实践中所引发的知识张力,正是构建社会有效救灾机制的关键所在。 There is a clear difference between the ways in which government organizations and civil society should deal with disasters. The former’s “response” is a common process of how to socialize disasters, while the “response” of the latter is a mutual aid and introspection Self-help behavior. This difference is mainly caused by the different cognition, dissemination and response of the knowledge system between the two. Therefore, it is the key to construct an effective social disaster relief mechanism to analyze the difference between the two and how to avoid the tension of knowledge both in response to the practice.