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目的通过对湘西地区老年2型糖尿病患者的生活质量与健康老年人生活质量的比较研究,同时分析老年2型糖尿病的生活质量影响因素,为提高其生活质量提供科学依据。方法在2015年7—10月随机在湘西地区抽取符合标准的老年糖尿病患者91例为糖尿病组,同时在湘西地区随机抽取体检健康的老年人172人作为健康组。对两组老年人的生活质量采用健康调查问卷(中文版)(short form 36-questionnaire,SF-36)进行问卷调查。计量资料采用t检验,计数资料采用χ2检验,P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果两组被调查者的年龄、民族、职业、居住方式、文化程度、经济状况对比差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。健康组生活质量总分、一般健康情况、生理机能、社会功能、情感职能、生理职能、精力、生理健康维度、心理健康维度[(611.5±156.4)、(66.6±24.2)、(83.2±22.8)、(89.6±23.7)、(72.7±36.2)、(72.5±42.2)、(73.8±20.5)、(302.3±102.2)、(309.2±101.3)分]与糖尿病组[(489.1±140.7)、(39.4±20.6)、(78.9±20.4)、(86.2±24.4)、(52.3±48.9)、(42.8±45.8)、(54.6±21.1)、(231.3±91.2)、(231.3±91.2)、(257.8±98.3)分]对比差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05),而躯体疼痛、精神健康对比差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。结论相关政府部门应加强对老年2型糖尿病患者生活质量的关注,加强对老年人的健康教育,普及健康知识;加快医疗保障建设,普及糖尿病的筛查;各社区可以多组织开展各项娱乐活动,促进老年2型糖尿病患者的心理健康,从而提高其生活质量。
Objective To compare the quality of life of elderly type 2 diabetes mellitus with that of healthy elderly in western Hunan Province, and to analyze the influencing factors of quality of life in type 2 diabetes mellitus in old people and provide a scientific basis for improving their quality of life. Methods Ninety-one elderly patients with diabetes mellitus were selected as diabetic group from July to October 2015 in Xiangxi. At the same time, 172 elderly healthy people were randomly selected as the healthy group. A questionnaire survey was conducted on the quality of life of the two groups using the short form 36-questionnaire (SF-36). Measurement data using t test, count data using χ2 test, P <0.05 for the difference was statistically significant. Results There was no significant difference in age, ethnicity, occupation, living style, educational level and economic status between the two groups (all P> 0.05). The scores of quality of life, total health, physical function, social function, emotional function, physical function, energy, physical health and mental health of healthy group [(611.5 ± 156.4), (66.6 ± 24.2) and (83.2 ± 22.8) , (89.6 ± 23.7), (72.7 ± 36.2), (72.5 ± 42.2), (73.8 ± 20.5), (302.3 ± 102.2), (309.2 ± 101.3) ± 20.6), (78.9 ± 20.4), (86.2 ± 24.4), (52.3 ± 48.9), (42.8 ± 45.8), (54.6 ± 21.1), (231.3 ± 91.2), (231.3 ± 91.2), (257.8 ± 98.3 ) Points (all P <0.05), while there was no significant difference between somatic pain and mental health (all P> 0.05). Conclusions Relevant government departments should pay more attention to the quality of life of type 2 diabetic patients in the elderly, strengthen their health education and popularize health knowledge, accelerate the construction of medical insurance and popularize the screening of diabetes. Various communities can organize various entertainment activities , Promote mental health of elderly patients with type 2 diabetes, thereby enhancing their quality of life.