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目的了解高校教师现阶段工作压力的状况,为缓解高校教师工作压力,建立符合高校教师心理需要的心理支持系统提供依据。方法采用应对方式量表、社会支持量表和工作压力量表对高校151名教师进行问卷调查,并将统计结果进行相关分析。结果高校教师工作压力来源是多元的,其中工作负担压力、职业声望压力、职业发展压力的强度居前3位,男女教师在工作负担压力维度上的差异显著(P<0.01);工作压力总分与应对方式总分呈显著正相关(r=0.359,P<0.01)。工作压力各维度与应对方式各维度间(除求助外)相关密切,达到统计学上的显著水平,各压力源与应对方式均呈显著正相关,与解决问题呈负相关;工作压力总分及各维度与社会支持总分及各维度间呈显著负相关。结论高校教师普遍压力较大,学校应构建心理支持系统,力争从教师自身应对方式和社会支持上使教师减轻压力感,使教师正确认识职业压力,提高自身的承受力,以积极的姿态应对职业压力。
Objective To understand the current situation of college teachers ’work pressure and to provide basis for alleviating the pressure of college teachers’ work and establishing a psychological support system that meets the psychological needs of college teachers. Methods Using questionnaire of coping style, social support scale and work stress scale, 151 teachers in colleges and universities were surveyed, and the statistical results were analyzed. Results There were many sources of work stress among college teachers. Among them, the work load pressure, occupational prestige pressure and career development pressure were the top three, and the male and female teachers were significantly different in the work load pressure (P <0.01). The total work pressure There was a significant positive correlation with coping styles (r = 0.359, P <0.01). All dimensions of work pressure and coping styles are closely related (except for help), reaching a statistically significant level. There is a significant positive correlation between each stressor and coping style, which is negatively correlated with solving the problem. The total work pressure and Each dimension has a significant negative correlation with the total score of social support and all dimensions. Conclusions Generally speaking, college teachers are under pressure. Psychological support systems should be established in schools so that teachers can reduce the sense of pressure from teachers’ own ways of coping with social support so that teachers can correctly understand the pressure of occupations and improve their own endurance, and deal with their careers in a positive attitude pressure.