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[目的]分析哈尔滨道外区1956～2006年麻疹的流行病学特征,为防止麻疹的流行及探索有效的预防控制策略提供流行病学依据。[方法]将哈尔滨市道外区50年麻疹疫情资料划分为无免疫阶段,免疫突击阶段,免疫推广阶段和免疫巩固加强阶段4个阶段用描述流行病学方法对比分析。[结果]这4个阶段麻疹发病率有统计学差异,年发病率分别为1543.57/10万,283.80/10万,8.50/10万,0.68/10万麻疹发病呈逐年下降趋势。[结论]预防接种的开展以及患者对预防接种的认识是控制麻疹流行的关键。
[Objective] To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of measles in Harbin area from 1956 to 2006 and provide epidemiological basis for preventing the epidemic of measles and exploring effective prevention and control strategies. [Method] The epidemic situation of measles in 50 years of out-of-town area in Harbin was divided into 4 stages: non-immune stage, immune assault stage, immune promotion stage and immune consolidation reinforcement stage. Epidemiological methods were used to compare and analyze it. [Results] The incidences of measles in these 4 stages were statistically different with annual incidences of 1543.57 / 100000, 283.80 / 100000, 8.50 / 100000, 0.68 / 100000 respectively. The incidence of measles showed a declining trend year by year. [Conclusion] The implementation of vaccination and patient awareness of vaccination is the key to control the epidemic of measles.